Agrarian Bulletin of the Agrarian Bulletin of the Аграрный вестник Урала 1997-4868 2307-0005 44673 10.32417/1997-4868-2021-208-05-8-21 Агротехнологии Agrotechnology's Агротехнологии Phytopathological examination of potato varieties in the conditions of the Moscow region Фитопатологическая экспертиза сортов картофеля в условиях Московской области Белов Григорий Леонидович Belov Grigoriy Leonidovich Зейрук Владимир Николаевич Zeyruk Vladimir Nikolaevich Деревягина Марина Константиновна Derevyagina Marina Konstantinovna Васильева Светлана Викторовна Vasil'eva Svetlana Viktorovna ФИЦ картофеля имени А. Г. Лорха Россия ФИЦ картофеля имени А. Г. Лорха Russian Federation 208 05 8 21 28 06 2021 https://usau.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/44673/view

Аннотация. Цель работы – провести фитопатологическую оценку новых отечественных сортов картофеля в условиях Центрального региона и выделить среди них образцы, отличающихся высоким стабильным уровнем устойчивости к болезням. Методология и методы исследования. Исследования проводили на экспериментальной базе «Коренево» Московской области в 2019–2020 гг. Почва дерново-подзолистая супесчаная. ГТК вегетационных периодов 2019 г. – 1,39 (влажный), в 2020 г. – 2,1 (влажный). Объект исследований – 45 сортов отечественной селекции из разных научных учреждений. Все учеты проводили в соответствии со стандартными методиками на естественном инфекционном фоне. Результаты. Агрометеоусловия вегетационных сезонов 2019 и 2020 гг. способствовали развитию фитофтороза и были удовлетворительными для поражения ботвы картофеля альтернариозом. Распространенность ризоктониоза была разной: умеренно-депрессивной в 2019 г. и высокой в 2020 г. Наименьшая пораженность за эти годы отмечена только на сорте Утро – 1 % (вирусными болезнями). Выделены сорта картофеля без симптомов поражения растений ризоктониозом – Купец и Утро, морщинистой мозаикой – 19 сортов (41,3 %), скручиванием листьев – 32 сорта (69,6 %). Высокую устойчивость (8–9 баллов) к фитофторозу показали 33 сортообразца (73,3 %), к альтернариозу – 13 (28,9 %). Комплексной устойчивостью к этим болезням выделились сорта Купец, Мариинский, Призер, Третьяковка, Аляска, Брусничка, Кумач, Пламя, Сигнал, Утро. Осенний клубневой анализ показал, что у 21 сорта (46,7 %) клубни не были поражены ризоктониозом, у 28 (62,2 %) – паршой обыкновенной, у 11 (24,4 %) – мокрой гнилью. На сортах Брусничка, Северное сияние, Сигнал и Сокур и на гибриде Г-6-14-11 не отмечено клубней с дефектами. Научная новизна. Проведена комплексная фитопатологическая оценка новых отечественных сортов картофеля применительно к условиям Московской области и выделены образцы с устойчивостью по растениям и клубням к основным болезням.

Abstract. The aim of the work is to conduct a phytopathological assessment of new domestic potato varieties in the conditions of the Central Region and to identify among them samples that are characterized by a high stable level of resistance to diseases. Methods. The research was carried out at the experimental base “Korenevo” in the Moscow region in 2019–2020. The soil is sod-podzolic sandy loam. The SCC of the growing seasons in 2019 is 1.39 (wet) and in 2020 2.1 (wet). The object of research is 45 varieties of domestic selection from different scientific institutions. All counts were carried out in accordance with standard methods on a natural infectious background. Results. The agrometeological conditions of the growing seasons of 2019 and 2020 contributed to the development of late blight and were satisfactory for the defeat of potato tops by alternariasis. The prevalence of rhizoctoniosis was different – moderate-depressive in 2019 and high in 2020. The lowest incidence over these years was noted only in the Morning variety-1 % (viral diseases). Potato varieties without symptoms of plant damage by rhizoctoniosis – Merchant and Morning, wrinkled mosaic – 19 varieties (41.3 %), twisting of leaves – 32 varieties (69.6 %) were identified. 33 (73.3 %) cultivars showed high resistance (8–9 points) to late blight, and 13 (28.9 %) to alternariasis. The varieties Kupets, Mariinskiy, Prizer, Tret’yakovka, Alyaska, Brusnichka, Kumach, Plamya, Signal, and Utro were distinguished by their complex resistance to these diseases. The autumn tuberous analysis showed that in 21 varieties (46.7 %) tubers were not affected by rhizoctoniosis, 28 (62.2 %) – scab, 11 (24.4 %) – wet rot. On the varieties of Lingonberry, Northern Lights, Signal and Sokur and on the hybrid G-6-14-11 no tubers with defects were found. Scientific novelty. A comprehensive phytopathological assessment of new domestic potato varieties in relation to the conditions of the Moscow region was carried out and samples with plant and tuber resistance to major diseases were identified.

 картофель сорта болезни распространенность устойчивость клубневой анализ potato varieties diseases prevalence resistance tuberous analysis

Osipov V., Zhevora S., Yanushkina N. Efficiency of potato production: analysis of variation and differentiation of regions of the Russian Federation // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science electronic resource. 2019. Vol. 274. Article number 012060. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/274/1/012060. Osipov V., Zhevora S., Yanushkina N. Efficiency of potato production: analysis of variation and differentiation of regions of the Russian Federation // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science electronic resource. 2019. Vol. 274. Article number 012060. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/274/1/012060. Kokaeva L. Y., Belosokhov A. F., Doeva L. Y., Skolotneva E. S., Elansky S. N. Distribution of Alternaria species on blighted potato and tomato leaves in Russia // Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. 2018. Vol. 125. No. 2. Pp. 205-212. DOI: 10.1007/s41348-017-0135-3. Kokaeva L. Y., Belosokhov A. F., Doeva L. Y., Skolotneva E. S., Elansky S. N. Distribution of Alternaria species on blighted potato and tomato leaves in Russia // Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. 2018. Vol. 125. No. 2. Pp. 205-212. DOI: 10.1007/s41348-017-0135-3. Orina A.S., Gannibal F.B. Vzaimootnosheniya vidov Alternaria v sostave kompleksnoy infektsii list’ev kartofelya [Relationships of Alternaria species in the complex infection of potato leaves] // Sovremennaya mikologiya v Rossii: materialy 4-go S”ezda mikologov Rossii. Moscow, 2017. Pp. 82-84. (In Russian.) Orina A.S., Gannibal F.B. Vzaimootnosheniya vidov Alternaria v sostave kompleksnoy infektsii list’ev kartofelya [Relationships of Alternaria species in the complex infection of potato leaves] // Sovremennaya mikologiya v Rossii: materialy 4-go S”ezda mikologov Rossii. Moscow, 2017. Pp. 82-84. (In Russian.) Kokaeva L. Yu., Khusnetdinova T. I., Berezov Yu. I., Balabko P. N., Elanskiy S. N. Vidovoy sostav gribov, assotsiirovannykh s list’yami kartofelya [Species composition of fungi associated with potato leaves]// Potato protection. 2017. No. 2. Pp. 8-11. (In Russian.) Kokaeva L. Yu., Khusnetdinova T. I., Berezov Yu. I., Balabko P. N., Elanskiy S. N. Vidovoy sostav gribov, assotsiirovannykh s list’yami kartofelya [Species composition of fungi associated with potato leaves]// Potato protection. 2017. No. 2. Pp. 8-11. (In Russian.) Belov G. L., Belosokhov A. F., Kutuzova I. A., Statsyuk N. V., Chudinova E. M., Alexandrova A. V., Kokaeva L. Y., Elansky S. N. Colletotrichum сосcodes in potato and tomato leaves in Russia // Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. 2018. Vol. 125. No. 3. Pp. 311-317. Belov G. L., Belosokhov A. F., Kutuzova I. A., Statsyuk N. V., Chudinova E. M., Alexandrova A. V., Kokaeva L. Y., Elansky S. N. Colletotrichum soscodes in potato and tomato leaves in Russia // Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. 2018. Vol. 125. No. 3. Pp. 311-317. Khusnetdinova T. I., Kutuzova I. A., Pronicheva I. S., Kokaeva L. Yu., Pobedinskaya M. A., Chudinova E. M., Elanskiy S. N. Ustoychivost’ shtammov vozbuditelya serebristoy parshi kartofelya (Helminthosporium solani) k tiabendazolu [Resistance of strains of the causative agent of silver potato scab (Helminthosporium solani) to thiabendazole] // Agrochemical Herald. No. 1. Pp. 40-43. (In Russian.) Khusnetdinova T. I., Kutuzova I. A., Pronicheva I. S., Kokaeva L. Yu., Pobedinskaya M. A., Chudinova E. M., Elanskiy S. N. Ustoychivost’ shtammov vozbuditelya serebristoy parshi kartofelya (Helminthosporium solani) k tiabendazolu [Resistance of strains of the causative agent of silver potato scab (Helminthosporium solani) to thiabendazole] // Agrochemical Herald. No. 1. Pp. 40-43. (In Russian.) Belosokhov A. F., Mislavskiy S. M., Yarmeeva M. M., Elanskiy S. N. Kompleks vidov mikromitsetov, assotsiirovannykh s klubnyami kartofelya [A complex of micromycete species associated with potato tubers] // Sovremennaya mikologiya v Rossii. Moscow, 2020. Vol. 8. Pp. 262-263. (In Russian.) Belosokhov A. F., Mislavskiy S. M., Yarmeeva M. M., Elanskiy S. N. Kompleks vidov mikromitsetov, assotsiirovannykh s klubnyami kartofelya [A complex of micromycete species associated with potato tubers] // Sovremennaya mikologiya v Rossii. Moscow, 2020. Vol. 8. Pp. 262-263. (In Russian.) Zeyruk V. N., Zhevora S. V., Vasil’eva S. V., Belov G. L., Dolzhenko V. I., Kuznetsova M. A., Anisimov B. V., Elanskiy S. N. Atlas bolezney, vrediteley, sornyakov kartofelya i meropriyatiya po bor’be s nimi [Atlas of potato diseases, pests, and weeds and measures to combat them]. Moscow: Nauka, 2020. 322 p. (In Russian.) Zeyruk V. N., Zhevora S. V., Vasil’eva S. V., Belov G. L., Dolzhenko V. I., Kuznetsova M. A., Anisimov B. V., Elanskiy S. N. Atlas bolezney, vrediteley, sornyakov kartofelya i meropriyatiya po bor’be s nimi [Atlas of potato diseases, pests, and weeds and measures to combat them]. Moscow: Nauka, 2020. 322 p. (In Russian.) Cheremisin A. I. Effektivnost’ primeneniya khimicheskikh i biologicheskikh sredstv zashchity v sisteme original'nogo semenovodstva kartofelya: metodicheskie ukazaniya [The effectiveness of the use of chemical and biological means of protection in the system of original potato seed production: methodical instructions]. Omsk, 2016. 32 p. (In Russian.) Cheremisin A. I. Effektivnost’ primeneniya khimicheskikh i biologicheskikh sredstv zashchity v sisteme original'nogo semenovodstva kartofelya: metodicheskie ukazaniya [The effectiveness of the use of chemical and biological means of protection in the system of original potato seed production: methodical instructions]. Omsk, 2016. 32 p. (In Russian.) Erenkova L. A., Borisova N. P., Molyavko A. A., Marukhlenko A. V. Vliyanie sorta na uluchshenie ekologicheskoy sredy pri vyrashchivanii kartofelya [The influence of the variety on the improvement of the ecological environment when growing potatoes] // Kartofelevodstvo: materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii “Sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya selektsii i semenovodstva kartofelya”. Moscow, 2018. Pp. 263-267. (In Russian.) Erenkova L. A., Borisova N. P., Molyavko A. A., Marukhlenko A. V. Vliyanie sorta na uluchshenie ekologicheskoy sredy pri vyrashchivanii kartofelya [The influence of the variety on the improvement of the ecological environment when growing potatoes] // Kartofelevodstvo: materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii “Sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya selektsii i semenovodstva kartofelya”. Moscow, 2018. Pp. 263-267. (In Russian.) Simakov E. A., Anisimov B. V., Mityushkin A. V., Zhuravlev A. A. Results of new trends of potato breeding programs developed in Russia // Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2018. Vol. 49. No. 4. Pp. 592-600. Simakov E. A., Anisimov B. V., Mityushkin A. V., Zhuravlev A. A. Results of new trends of potato breeding programs developed in Russia // Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2018. Vol. 49. No. 4. Pp. 592-600. Simakov E. A., Anisimov B. V., Zhevora S. V., Mityushkin Aleksey V., Zhuravlev A. A., Mityushkin Aleksandr V., Gayzatulin A. S. Aktual’nye napravleniya razvitiya selektsii i semenovodstva kartofelya v Rossii [Current trends in the development of potato breeding and seed production in Russia] // Potato and Vegetables. 2020. № 12. S. 22-26. (In Russian.) Simakov E. A., Anisimov B. V., Zhevora S. V., Mityushkin Aleksey V., Zhuravlev A. A., Mityushkin Aleksandr V., Gayzatulin A. S. Aktual’nye napravleniya razvitiya selektsii i semenovodstva kartofelya v Rossii [Current trends in the development of potato breeding and seed production in Russia] // Potato and Vegetables. 2020. № 12. S. 22-26. (In Russian.) Sorta kartofelya Rossiyskoy selektsii [Potato varieties of Russian selection] / Under the editorship of E. A. Simakova. Moscow, 2018. 119 p. (In Russian.) Sorta kartofelya Rossiyskoy selektsii [Potato varieties of Russian selection] / Under the editorship of E. A. Simakova. Moscow, 2018. 119 p. (In Russian.) Zhevora S. V., Fedotova L. S., Starovoytov V. I., Zeyruk V. N., Korshunov A. V., Pshechenkov K. A., Timoshina N. A., Mal’tsev S. V., Starovoytova O. A., Vasil’eva S. V., Shabanov A. E., Derevyagina M. K., Belov G. L., Kiselev A. I., Knyazeva E. V. Metodika provedeniya agrotekhnicheskikh opytov, uchetov, nablyudeniy i analizov na kartofele [Methods of conducting agricultural experiments, accounting, observations and analyses on potatoes]. Moscow, 2019. 120 p. (In Russian.) Zhevora S. V., Fedotova L. S., Starovoytov V. I., Zeyruk V. N., Korshunov A. V., Pshechenkov K. A., Timoshina N. A., Mal’tsev S. V., Starovoytova O. A., Vasil’eva S. V., Shabanov A. E., Derevyagina M. K., Belov G. L., Kiselev A. I., Knyazeva E. V. Metodika provedeniya agrotekhnicheskikh opytov, uchetov, nablyudeniy i analizov na kartofele [Methods of conducting agricultural experiments, accounting, observations and analyses on potatoes]. Moscow, 2019. 120 p. (In Russian.) Ignatov A. N., Panycheva Yu. S., Voronina M. V., Dzhalilov F. S. U. Bakteriozy kartofelya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Potato bacteriosis in the Russian Federation] // Potato and vegetables. 2018. No. 1. Pp. 3-7. (In Russian.) Ignatov A. N., Panycheva Yu. S., Voronina M. V., Dzhalilov F. S. U. Bakteriozy kartofelya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Potato bacteriosis in the Russian Federation] // Potato and vegetables. 2018. No. 1. Pp. 3-7. (In Russian.) Belov G. L., Zeyruk V. N., Vasil’eva S. V., Derevyagina M. K., Glez V. M. Perspektivnyy analiz razvitiya osnovnykh bolezney kartofelya v Tsentral’nom regione Rossii [Prospective analysis of the development of the main potato diseases in the Central region of Russia] // Plant protection and quarantine. 2017. No. 12. Pp. 37-39. (In Russian.) Belov G. L., Zeyruk V. N., Vasil’eva S. V., Derevyagina M. K., Glez V. M. Perspektivnyy analiz razvitiya osnovnykh bolezney kartofelya v Tsentral’nom regione Rossii [Prospective analysis of the development of the main potato diseases in the Central region of Russia] // Plant protection and quarantine. 2017. No. 12. Pp. 37-39. (In Russian.) Malyuga A. A., Enina N. N., Shcheglova O. V., Chulikova N. S. Vliyanie predshestvennikov i predposadochnogo protravlivaniya klubney na chislennost’ vozbuditelya rizoktonioza kartofelya v pochve [Influence of tubers’ precursors and pre-planting etching on the number of potato rhizoctoniosis pathogen in the soil] // Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC. 2018. T. 32. No. 3. Pp. 64-68. DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10312. (In Russian.) Malyuga A. A., Enina N. N., Shcheglova O. V., Chulikova N. S. Vliyanie predshestvennikov i predposadochnogo protravlivaniya klubney na chislennost’ vozbuditelya rizoktonioza kartofelya v pochve [Influence of tubers’ precursors and pre-planting etching on the number of potato rhizoctoniosis pathogen in the soil] // Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC. 2018. T. 32. No. 3. Pp. 64-68. DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2018-10312. (In Russian.) Campos H., Ortiz O. The Potato Crop. Its Agricultural, Nutritional and Social Contribution to Humankind. Springer, Cham. 2020. 524 p. Campos H., Ortiz O. The Potato Crop. Its Agricultural, Nutritional and Social Contribution to Humankind. Springer, Cham. 2020. 524 p.