Agrarian Bulletin of the Agrarian Bulletin of the Аграрный вестник Урала 1997-4868 2307-0005 57035 10.32417/1997-4868-2023-230-01-2-11 Агротехнологии Agrotechnology's Агротехнологии Test results of new semi-lamb tomato varieties in the conditions of the Terek-Sulak lowland of the Republic of Dagestan Результаты испытаний новых полуштамбовых сортов томата в условиях Терско-Сулакской низменности Республики Дагестан Ахмедова Патимат Магомедовна Akhmedova Patimat Magomedovna 02 02 2023 02 02 2023 230 01 2 11 02 02 2023 https://usau.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/57035/view

Аннотация. Цель исследований – изучить в условиях открытого грунта коллекционный и селекционный материал томата с детерминантным типом куста и выделить по результатам исследований лучшие образцы по хозяйственно-ценным признакам для их дальнейшего использования в селекции томата. Научная новизна. Последние события в стране показывают необходимость изучения и рекомендации отечественных сортов и гибридов томата в благополучных и рискованных зонах земледелия. В статье представлена краткая характеристика новых отечественных сортов томата с коротким вегетационным периодом. Выделены образцы по морфологическим и биометрическим показателям для исходного материала селекции томата. Выявлены сорта с короткими межфазными периодами «всходы – цветение», «цветение – созревание». На основе комплексной оценки по раннеспелости, хозяйственно ценным признакам и дегустационной оценки плодов отмечены перспективные сорта для рекомендации и внедрения в производства равнинной и предгорной частей Дагестана. Методы. В ходе исследований применялись полевой и лабораторный методы. Материалом для исследования служили 8 новых полуштамбовых сортообразцов селекции ВНИИССОК. Описания растений томата проводили с учетом морфологических (высота стебля, количество побегов, количество листьев, количество кистей, количество завязей и плодов), агрохимических и комплекса хозяйственно ценных признаков. Результаты. По срокам созревания образцы разделились на три группы: очень ранние – Северянка, Благодатный, Магнат, Восход ВНИИССОКа (97–100 дней); ранние – Патрис, Викинг, Перст (102–105 дней); среднеранние –Содружество, Факел (111–114 дней). По типу куста нами выделено 5 обыкновенных и полуштамбовых образцов высотой не более 78 см. Два образца имели высоту 50,53 см (Патрис, Перст) и среднюю массу плода 72 и 60 г. Три образца имели высоту 70, 71, 72 см (Восход ВНИИССОКа, Благодатный, Содружество) и среднюю массу плода 107, 110, 130 г соответственно. По выходу валовой продукции лучшие показатели имели сорта Благодатный (86,3 т/га), Восход ВНИИССОКа (82,7 т/га), Содружество (77,6 т/га), Патрис (68,2 т/га). Высокий выход товарной продукции имели сорта Восход ВНИИССОКа, Патрис (по 92 %); Благодатный (91 %), Перст (90 %).

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the collection and breeding material of tomatoes with a determinant bush type in open ground conditions, and to identify the best samples based on the results of the research on economically valuable traits for their further use in tomato breeding. Scientific novelty. Recent events in the country show the need to study and recommend domestic tomato varieties and hybrids in safe and risky farming zones. The article presents a brief description of new domestic tomato varieties with a short growing season. Samples of morphological and biometric indicators for the source material of tomato breeding were selected. Varieties with short interphase periods “shoots –flowering”, “flowering – ripening” were identified. On the basis of a comprehensive assessment of early maturity, economically valuable characteristics and tasting evaluation of fruits, promising varieties were noted for recommendation and implementation in the production of the lowland and foothill parts of Dagestan. Methods. Field and laboratory. The method for the study was 8 new semi-stamp cultivars of VNIISSOK selection. Descriptions of tomato plants were carried out taking into account morphological (stem height, number of shoots, number of leaves, number of brushes, number of ovaries and fruits), agrochemical and complex of economically valuable characteristics (total and early yield, marketability of fruits, fruit weight, dry matter, sugar, fruit tasting evaluation). Results. According to the maturation dates, the samples were divided into three groups: very early – Severyanka, Blagodatnyy, Magnat, Voskhod VNIISSOKa (97–100 days); early – Patris, Viking, Perst (102–105 days); middle-early – Sodruzhestvo, Fakel (111–114 days). According to the type of bush, we have identified 5 ordinary and semi-lamb samples with a height of no more than 78 cm. Two samples had a height of 50.53 cm (Patris, Perst) and an average fetal weight of 72 and 60 g. Three samples had a height of 70, 71, 72 cm (Voskhod VNIISSOKa, Blagodatnyy, Sodruzhestvo) and an average fetal weight of 107, 110, 130 g respectively. According to the output of gross output, the best indicators were of the following varieties: Blagodatnyy – 86.3 t/ha, Voskhod VNIISSOKa – 82.7 t/ha, Sodruzhestvo – 77.6 t/ha, Patris – 68.2 t/ha. The following grades had a high yield of marketable products: Voskhod VNIISSOKa, Patris – 92 %, Blagodatnyy – 91 %, Perst – 90 %.

 томат сорта морфология завязь раннеспелость вегетационный период урожайность масса плода дегустационная оценка tomato varieties morphology ovary early maturity growing season yield fruit weight tasting evaluation

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