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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Agrarian Bulletin of the</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Agrarian Bulletin of the</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Аграрный вестник Урала</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1997-4868</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2307-0005</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">69446</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32417/1997-4868-2023-236-07-71-82</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Биология</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Biology</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Биология</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Metabolic changes in the organism of laying hens when using antibiotics and phytobiotics</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Метаболические изменения в организме кур-несушек при применении антибиотика и фитобиотика</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Беспамятных</surname>
       <given-names>Е. Н.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bespamyatnyh</surname>
       <given-names>E. N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-0830</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кривоногова</surname>
       <given-names>Анна Сергеевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Krivonogova</surname>
       <given-names>Anna Sergeevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8395-1247</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Исаева</surname>
       <given-names>Альбина Геннадьевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Isaeva</surname>
       <given-names>Albina G.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>isaeva.05@bk.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-3004</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Донник</surname>
       <given-names>Ирина Михайловна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Donnik</surname>
       <given-names>Irina M.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ченцова</surname>
       <given-names>Анастасия Евгеньевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Chencova</surname>
       <given-names>Anastasiya Evgen'evna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный аграрный университет</institution>
     <city>Екатеринбург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Уральский государственный аграрный университет</institution>
     <city>Екатеринбург</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Уральский федеральный аграрный научно-исследовательский центр УрО » РАН</institution>
     <city>Екатеринбург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ural Federal Agrarian Research Centre of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Science</institution>
     <city>Ekaterinburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный аграрный университет</institution>
     <city>Екатеринбург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Agrarian University</institution>
     <city>Yekaterinburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный аграрный университет</institution>
     <city>Екатеринбург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Agrarian University</institution>
     <city>Yekaterinburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-15T15:29:34+03:00">
    <day>15</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-15T15:29:34+03:00">
    <day>15</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>236</volume>
   <issue>07</issue>
   <fpage>71</fpage>
   <lpage>82</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-08-15T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>15</day>
     <month>08</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://usau.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/69446/view">https://usau.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/69446/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Аннотация. С недавнего времени применение лекарственных экстрактов растений в животноводстве увеличилось из-за обнаружения ранее не отмеченных побочных эффектов антибиотиков, связанных в том числе с кумуляцией их токсичных метаболитов в продуктах питания, а также из-за увеличения встречаемости антибиотикорезистентности микроорганизмов. Не терапевтическое использование противомикробных препаратов также связано с распространением множественной лекарственной устойчивости, включая устойчивость к антимикробным препаратам, которые никогда не использовались в животноводстве. Давно известно, что компоненты растительных субстанций обладают способностью подавлять рост бактерий. Распространенной практикой становится применение растительных эфирных масел для повышения эффективности использования корма жвачными животными, при этом эфирные масла давно известны своими антимикробными свойствами. Целью данной работы была оценка метаболических эффектов применения фитобиотика и совместного использования с антибиотиком  при контроле микробной нагрузки. По полученным результатам становится ясно, что фитобиотик наряду с антимикробными воздействием обладает и другими положительными воздействиями, выразившимися в мембраностабилизирующих и антиоксидантных свойствах, однако имеются и некоторые негативные эффекты, связанные с затруднением переваривания и всасывания липидных нутриентов. При этом совместное использование фитобиотика с антибиотиком показало себя как оптимальное ввиду хорошего антимикробного эффекта при смягчении или устранении негативных эффектов, выявленных при раздельном использовании фитобиотика и энрофлоксацина, устранены иммуносупрессивные и депрессивные эффекты, не проявляются нарушения переваривания и всасывания жирорастворимых нутриентов. Научная новизна. Полученные данные позволят расширить спектр антимикробных средств, применяемых в птицеводстве, а также позволят использовать более гибкие схемы контроля над микробной нагрузкой на организм птиц.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Abstract. The use of medicinal plant extracts in animal production has recently increased due to the discovery of previously unreported side effects of antibiotics, including the cumulation of their toxic metabolites in food, as well as the increased occurrence of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms. Non-therapeutic use of antimicrobials is also associated with the spread of multiple drug resistance, including resistance to antimicrobials that have never been used in animal agriculture. It has long been known that components of plant substances have the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. It is becoming common practice to use plant essential oils to improve feed utilization by ruminants, and essential oils have long been known for their antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the metabolic effects of phytobiotic and joint use with antibiotic in controlling microbial load. According to the results obtained, it is clear that phytobiotic in addition to antimicrobial effects has other positive effects expressed in membrane stabilizing and antioxidant properties, but there are some negative effects associated with difficulty of digestion and absorption of lipid nutrients.  At the same time, the combined use of phytobiotic and antibiotic showed itself as optimal, due to the good antimicrobial effect, while mitigating or eliminating the negative effects identified when using phytobiotic and enrofloxacin separately, namely, eliminating immunosuppressive and depressive effects, as well as the absence of manifestations of impaired digestion and absorption of fat-soluble nutrients. Scientific novelty. The data obtained will expand the range of antimicrobial agents used in poultry farming, as well as allow the use of more flexible schemes to control the microbial load on the body of birds.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>фитобиотики</kwd>
    <kwd>антибиотики</kwd>
    <kwd>метаболические эффекты</kwd>
    <kwd>куры-несушки</kwd>
    <kwd>антимикробное действие</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>phytobiotics</kwd>
    <kwd>antibiotics</kwd>
    <kwd>metabolic effects</kwd>
    <kwd>laying hens</kwd>
    <kwd>antimicrobial action</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
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