Agrarian Bulletin of the Agrarian Bulletin of the Аграрный вестник Урала 1997-4868 2307-0005 57046 10.32417/1997-4868-2023-230-01-66-76 Биология Biology Биология In vitro clonal micropropagation of Astragalus gorodkovii Jurtz., Astragalus gorczakovsky L. Vassil. Клональное микроразмножение Astragalus gorodkovii Jurtz., Astragalus gorczakovskii L. Vassil. с использованием методов in vitro Филиппов Евгений Геннадьевич Filippov Evgeniy Gennad'evich Ботанический сад УрО РАН Россия Ботанический сад УрО РАН Russian Federation 02 02 2023 02 02 2023 230 01 66 76 02 02 2023 https://usau.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/57046/view

Аннотация. Микроклональное размножение редких видов растений решает задачу сохранения биоразнообразия, поскольку полученные особи могут быть введены в естественные условия для поддержания стабильности растительных сообществ, а также для создания резервных генетических коллекций. Цель проведенной исследовательской работы состояла в получении культур in vitro редких и хозяйственно ценных видов Astragalus gorodkovii и Astragalus gorczakovskii. Материалы и методы. Использовались семена A. gorodkovii (Республика Коми, сбор 2004 г.) и A. gorczakovskii (Свердловская область и Пермский край, сбор 2019 г.). После проведения стерилизации семена высевали на безгормональную среду Мурасиге – Скуга. Полученные проростки перевивали на среду с 4 вариантами концентраций фитогормонов БАП и НУК, проращивались при комнатной температуре и 16-часовом световом дне. Затем полученные экспланты перевивали на среду в 9 вариантах концентраций использованных ранее гормонов. Результаты. Срок 1,5–2 месяца можно считать оптимальным для деления и пересадки, последующее культивирование приводит к отмиранию растений. Варианты среды, содержащие 0,5–1 мг/л БАП и меньшее количество НУК, оказались наилучшими для размножения A. gorodkovii и A. gorczakovskii, поскольку наблюдалось активное ветвление проростков без верификации. Были обнаружены морфогенетические различия между растениями из разных популяций, A. gorodkovii показал наиболее активный рост. Новизна данной исследовательской работы заключается в подборе оптимального состава среды для проращивания семян редких видов A. gorodkovii и A. gorczakovskii, что является инструментом для сохранения генетического разнообразия растительных сообществ уральской флоры.

Abstract. Microclonal propagation of rare plant species solves the problem of biodiversity conservation, because received explants can be introduced into natural conditions to maintain the stability of plant communities. The purpose of the research was to obtain in vitro cultures of rare species of plants from Fabaceae family: Astragalus gorodkovii and Astragalus gorczakovskii. Materials and methods: seeds of Astragalus gorodkovii were selected from the population of Komi Republic in 2004. Seeds of Astragalus gorczakovskii were collected in 2019 in Perm region and Sverdlovsk region. After sterilization and scarification, the seeds were placed on a hormone-free Murashige-Skoog medium. The resulting seedlings were placed on the medium in 4 variants of the concentration of phytohormones BAP and NAA, germinated at room temperature and 16-hour light day. Then the resulting explants were transplanted onto the medium in 9 variants of the concentrations of hormones. The results. 1.5–2 months can be considered as the optimal period for division and transplantation. Variants of the medium containing 0.5–1 mg/l of BAP and a smaller amount of NAA turned out to be the best for the reproduction of A. gorodkovii and A. gorczakovskii, because active branching of seedlings was observed without verification. A. gorodkovii showed the most active growth. The originality of this research is in the selection of the optimal medium composition for the germination of seeds of rare species A. gorodkovii and A. gorczakovskii. This biotechnological method is a tool for preserving the genetic diversity of plant communities of the Ural flora.

 Astragalus gorodkovii Jurtz. Astragalus gorczakovskii L. Vassil. Fabaceae клональное микроразмножение среда Мурасиге – Скуга; 6-бензиламинопурин (БАП) альфа-нафтилуксусная кислота (НУК) введение в культуру редкий вид эндемик. Astragalus gorodkovii Jurtz. Astragalus gorczakovskii L. Vassil. Fabaceae clonal micropropagation Murashige and Skoog medium 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) alpha-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) introduction to culture rare species endemic

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