Agrarian Bulletin of the Agrarian Bulletin of the Аграрный вестник Урала 1997-4868 2307-0005 90206 10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-10-1322-1333 Биология Biology Биология Biological effects of exposure to ionizing and non-ionizing radiation on the preimplantation bovine embryos development Биологические эффекты воздействия ионизирующего и неионизирующего излучения на развитие доимплантационных эмбрионов крупного рогатого скота Макутина Валерия Андреевна Makutina Valeriya Andreevna Вазиров Руслан А. Vazirov Ruslan A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-0830 Кривоногова Анна Сергеевна Krivonogova Anna Sergeevna https://orcid.org/0000–0001–5611–4427 Донник Ирина Михайловна Donnik Irina Mihaylovna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8395-1247 Исаева Альбина Геннадьевна Isaeva Albina G. isaeva.05@bk.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9892-6092 Петропавловский Максим Валерьевич Petropavlovskiy Maxim V. Уральский федеральный университет Екатеринбург Россия Ural Federal University Ekaterinburg Russian Federation ФГБНУ «Уральский федеральный аграрный научно-исследовательский центр УрО » РАН Екатеринбург Россия Ural Federal Agrarian Research Centre of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Science Ekaterinburg Russian Federation Российская академия наук Russian Academy of Sciences Уральский государственный аграрный университет Екатеринбург Россия Ural State Agrarian University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation Уральский государственный аграрный университет Екатеринбург Россия Ural State Agrarian University Yekaterinburg Russian Federation 30 10 2024 30 10 2024 24 10 1322 1333 30 10 2024 https://usau.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/90206/view

Аннотация. Целью данного исследования было оценить влияние низких доз ионизирующего (ИИ) и неионизирующего излучения на созревание ооцитов КРС in vitro (IVM) и их последующее эмбриональное развитие. Материалы и методы. В экспериментальном исследовании яичники КРС первой группы подвергались облучению на ускорителе электронов. Яичники второй группы располагались внутри катушки и подвергались воздействию магнитного поля. После воздействия из яичников получали ооциты и проводили IVM и ЭКО с последующим наблюдением развития эмбрионов в системе time laps. Эмбрионы третьей группы находились под воздействием электромагнитного излучения (ЭМИ) маршрутизатора (2,4 ГГц) на протяжении всего периода культивирования эмбрионов от оплодотворения до стадии бластоцисты. Результаты. Полученные результаты облучения яичников не позволили достоверно утверждать о наличии негативного эффекта воздействия малых доз ИИ и ЭМИ. Однако в обеих экспериментальных группах ИИ наблюдалась тенденция к снижению уровня сформированных бластоцист по сравнению с контрольной группой. Воздействие магнитного поля на яичники вызывает небольшое, но значимое увеличение сроков первого деления эмбриона. Кроме того, наблюдалась тенденция к уменьшению количества зрелых ооцитов и сформировавшихся бластоцист, что свидетельствует о повышении уровня дегенерации ооцитов и эмбрионов крупного рогатого скота. Прямое воздействие ЭМИ на эмбрионы на предимплантационном этапе не оказывало отрицательного влияния на развитие эмбрионов и не снижало количество бластоцист, образующихся in vitro. Научная новизна. Впервые проведен сравнительный анализ влияния ионизирующего излучения малых доз от различных источников, значительно отличающихся мощностью дозы излучения, на развитие ранних доимплантационных эмбрионов крупного рогатого скота in vitro.

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-dose of ionizing radiation (IR) and non-ionizing radiation on oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and subsequent embryonic development. Materials and methods. In an experimental study, bovine ovaries of the first group were irradiated with an electron accelerator. The ovaries of the second group were located inside of a coil and were exposed to a magnetic field. After irradiation, oocytes were obtained from the ovaries and IVM and in vitro fertilization (IVF) were performed, followed by observation of embryo development in a time-laps system. The embryos of the third group were exposed to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from the router (2.4 GHz) throughout the entire period of embryo cultivation from fertilization to blastocyst stage. Results. The obtained results of irradiation of the ovaries did not allow us to reliably state if there is a presence of a negative effect of exposure to small doses of irradiation and electromagnetic radiation. However, in both experimental IR groups, there was a decrease in the level of formed blastocysts compared to the control group. The effect of a magnetic field on the ovaries causes a small but significant increase in the timing of the first embryo cleavage. In addition, there was a trend towards a decrease in the number of mature oocytes and formed blastocysts, indicating an increase in the level of degeneration of bovine oocytes and embryos. The direct exposure of preimplantation embryos to EMR did not influence on embryos development and did not reduce the number of blastocysts formed in vitro. Scientific novelty. We have carried out a comparative analysis of the influence of low-dose ionizing radiation from various sources, differing in dose rate, on the development of early pre-implantation bovine embryos in vitro.

 ооцит крупного рогатого скота созревание in vitro экстракорпоральное оплодотворение магнитное поле электромагнитное излучение bovine oocyte in vitro maturation in vitro fertilization magnetic field electromagnetic radiation

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