Russian Federation
Abstract. The article presents the results of an experimental assessment of the peculiarities of the water regime of 9 species of the genus Iris L. growing in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute UFRC RAS (I. sibirica L., I. pseudacorus L. ‒ species of native flora, I. aphylla L., I. biglumis Vahl., I. lacteal Pall., I. orientalis Mill., I. ruthenica Ker-Gawl., I. setosa Pall., I. spuria L. ‒ introduced species). The purpose is a comparative evaluation of the main parameters of the water regime within the generic complex and depending on the detection of meteorological factors in different phenological periods. Methods. Studies were performed in growing periods 2019–2020’s physiological using conventional techniques (artificial saturation method and wilting). Made a detailed analysis of daily and seasonal dynamics of the water regime of the three parameters: the total water content, water-holding capacity, water scarcity. Typical forest species Convallaria majalis L. was investigated for a comparative analysis of water regime indicators. Results. The similarities and differences in the peculiarities of the water regime were established between the studied species, the dependence of the indicators on meteorological conditions was revealed. According to the type of water regime cultivars were divided into four groups: a flexible water-quiet mode ‒ I. pseudacorus, flexible water-tight mode ‒ I. sibirica, I. ruthenica, stably-calm water mode ‒ I. aphylla, I. biglumis, I. setosa, stably-tight water mode ‒ I. spuria, I. lactea, I. orientalis. Among the studied parameters of water scarcity was the most dependent on meteorological factors. Scientific novelty. The study helps to identify ecological and physiological adaptations of exotic species in comparison with the native species that could become the basis for assessing the prospects of growing in the culture and conservation of rare and endangered species.
Iris, water regime, hydration, water retention capacity, water shortage, introduction, Southern Ural
1. Koba V. P., Brailko V. A., Koren'kova O. O. Vodnyy rezhim rasteniy parkovyh soobschestv pri fitogennom vzaimodeystvii // Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo federal'nogo universiteta imeni V. I. Vernadskogo. Biologiya. Himiya. 2017. T. 3 (69). № 4. S. 101-111.
2. Bokov V. A., Smirnov V. O. O smyslah sposobov ocenki uvlazhneniya landshaftov // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5: Geografiya. 2019. № 1. S. 83-92.
3. Sazonova T. A., Sofronova I. N., Novichonok E. V., Pridacha V. B. Vodnyy rezhim drevesnyh rasteniy v usloviyah dostatochnogo pochvennogo uvlazhneniya na severo-zapade Rossii // Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal prikladnyh i fundamental'nyh issledovaniy. 2015. № 8-2. S. 299-302.
4. Evdokimova E. V., Novichonok A. O., Markovskaya E. F., Kurbatova Yu. A. Osobennosti vodnogo rezhima nekotoryh vidov rasteniy v tropicheskom lesu na yuge V'etnama vo vlazhnyy sezon // Uchenye zapiski Petrozavodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2012. № 4 (125). S. 19-24.
5. Davlyatova D. M., Berdyev D. B., Niyazmuhamedova M. B. Vodnyy rezhim pustynnyh rasteniy Yuzhnogo Tadzhikistana // Vestnik Bohtarskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta imeni Nosira Husrava. Seriya estestvennyh nauk. 2016. № 2-1 (36). S. 89-96.
6. Tihonova N. A., Tihonova I. V. Individual'naya izmenchivost' sosny obyknovennoy po priznakam zasuhoustoychivosti v lesostepnyh borah Yuzhnoy Sibiri // Sibirskiy lesnoy zhurnal. 2016. № 5. S. 114-124. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15372/SJFS20160512.
7. Ischuk L. P. Vodouderzhivayuschaya sposobnost' list'ev vidov roda Salix L. // Miestų želdynų formavimas. 2017. № 1 (14). S. 93-98.
8. Ahmatov M. K. Osobennosti vodoobmena drevesnyh rasteniy, introducirovannyh v Chuyskoy doline // Nauka i obrazovanie segodnya. 2016. № 5 (6). S. 8-10.
9. Ahmatov M. K., Vetoshkin D. A. Sostoyanie, perspektivy i nauchno-obosnovannyy otbor drevesnyh rasteniy v ozelenenii g. Bishkeka // Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya i razrabotki. 2018. № 2 (19). S. 37-42.
10. Beksheneva L. F., Reut A. A. Iris aphylla L. (Iridaceae) v Bashkirskom Predural'e // Agrarnaya Rossiya. 2020. № 3. S. 33-40. DOI:https://doi.org/10.30906/1999-5636-2020-3-33-40.
11. Beksheneva L. F., Reut A. A. Vodnyy rezhim nekotoryh predstaviteley roda Iris pri introdukcii na Yuzhnom Urale // Ekosistemy. 2020. № 22. S. 82-89. DOI:https://doi.org/10.37279/2414-4738-2020-22-82-89.
12. Alekseeva N. B. Rod Iris L. (Iridaceae) v Rossii // Turczaninowia. 2008. T. 11. № 2. S. 5-70.
13. Abramova L. M., Shirokih P. S., Golovanov Ya. M., Mustafina A. N., Kryukova A. V. K ekologii redkih stepnyh vidov roda Iris na Yuzhnom Urale // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Biologiya. 2019. № 48. S. 56-72. DOI:https://doi.org/10.17223/19988591/48/3.
14. Reut A. A., Mironova L. N. Kollekcii rasteniy Botanicheskogo sada kak sposob sohraneniya redkih i ischezayuschih vidov // Ekologicheskaya, promyshlennaya i energeticheskaya bezopasnost' - 2017: sbornik statey po materialam nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. Sevastopol', 2017. S. 1142-1145.
15. Beksheneva L. F., Reut A. A. Izuchenie i sohranenie irisa bezlistnogo (Iris aphylla L.) v usloviyah introdukcii na Yuzhnom Urale // Byulleten' Gosudarstvennogo Nikitskogo botanicheskogo sada. 2020. № 135. S. 139-147. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36305/0513-1634-2020-135-139-147.
16. Alekseeva N. B. O vidah roda Iris L. (Iridaceae) iz rodstva Iris setosa Pall. ex Link // Turczaninowia. 2013. T. 16. № 2. S. 13-29.
17. Shklyaev V. A., Shklyaeva L. S. Ocenka izmeneniy temperatury vozduha i osadkov Srednego i Yuzhnogo Urala v HH veke // Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2011. № 5 (220). S. 61-69.
18. Sobol' N. V., Gabbasova I. M., Komissarov M. A. Vliyanie izmeneniya klimata na erozionnye processy v Respublike Bashkortostan // Aridnye ekosistemy. 2015. T. 21. № 4 (65). S. 22-28.
19. Galeeva E. M., Silant'ev K. D. Izmeneniya prodolzhitel'nosti vegetacionnogo perioda na territorii Respubliki Bashkortostan // Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. Seriya Biologiya. Nauki o Zemle. 2019. T. 29. № 1. S. 104-110.
20. Vas'ko P. P., Stolepchenko V. A., Belyay O. M., Kozlovskaya Z. G. Sravnitel'naya ocenka festuloliuma i raygrasa pastbischnogo na zasuhoustoychivost' // Zemledelie i selekciya v Belarusi: sbornik nauchnyh trudov. 2018. № 54. S. 198-203.
21. Tarenkov V. A., Ivanova L. N. Vodouderzhivayuschaya sposobnost' list'ev boyaryshnikov v svyazi s ustoychivost'yu k zasuhe // Introdukciya, akklimatizaciya, ohrana i ispol'zovanie rasteniy: sbornik nauchnyh trudov. Kuybyshev, 1990. S. 3-9.
22. Zvereva G. K. Osobennosti vodnogo rezhima u rasteniy na pastbische // Sibirskiy vestnik sel'skohozyaystvennoy nauki. 2005. № 1 (155). S. 70-77.
23. Satekov Ye. Y., Kushkimbayeva B. B., Turabzhanova M. B. Evaluation of water regime for varieties of Iris in the conditions of mountain taiga zone in the Eastern Kazakhstan // Central European Journal of Botany. 2016. T. 2. No. 1. Pp. 4-9.
24. Opanasenko N. E., Elmanova T. S. O rasprostranenii i zasuhoustoychivosti persika (Rersica vulgaris Mill.) (obzornaya stat'ya) // Byulleten' Gosudarstvennogo Nikitskogo botanicheskogo sada. 2017. № 123. S. 65-71.
