Abstract. The purpose of the study was to test the effect of an aqueous solution of silicon oxide on the sowing qualities of plant seeds. Methods. The assessment of the effect of silicon oxide (SiO2) on the sowing qualities of seeds was carried out by a laboratory method according to Medical and biological safety assessment of nanomaterials 1.2.2635-10 and GOST 12038-84 “Seeds of agricultural crops. Methods for determining germination”. Asparagus bean seeds Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis of Matilda variety, spring wheat Triticum aestivum L. of Svecha variety, seed radish Raphanus sativus L. of Champion variety and onion Allium cepa L. of Odintsovo variety. The following indicators were taken into account: germination energy and seed germination, number, length and weight of underground and aboveground parts of seedlings. Statistical data processing was carried out by the dispersion method according to B. A. Dospekhov. Scientific novelty. The species-specific reaction of seeds to the treatment with silicon oxide was revealed. The best results in terms of morphometric parameters of seedlings of asparagus bean and spring wheat were obtained when seeds were treated with 0.0025 % silicon oxide, radish – 0.005 %. It is not advisable to treat onion seeds with silicon oxide. According to the research results, asparagus bean seeds turned out to be the most responsive to processing. Germination energy and seed germination in the variant of treatment with 0.0025 % silicon oxide compared to the control (distilled water) were 13.7 % and 3.0 % higher, respectively, but the difference is not significant. The studied concentrations contributed to a significant increase in the average length of the roots. At 0.01 % concentration, this indicator was higher by 30.6 mm, 0.005 % by 30.7 mm, at 0.0025 % by 48.8 mm, respectively (HCP05 = 30.1). The average root weight was 67.5 mg more in the variant of seed treatment with 0.0025% silicon oxide solution (HCP05 = 41.5).
seeds, germination energy, germination, cowpea asparagus, spring wheat, radish, onion
1. Kolesnikov M. P. Formy kremniya v rasteniyah // Uspehi biologicheskoy himii. 2001. № 41. S. 301-332.
2. Kozlov A. V., Uromova I. P., Frolov E. A., Mozoleva K. Yu. Fiziologicheskoe znachenie kremniya v ontogeneze kul'turnyh rasteniy i pri ih zaschite ot fitopatogenov // Mezhdunarodnyy studencheskiy nauchnyy vestnik. 2015. № 1. S. 39.
3. Samsonova N. E. Kremniy v rastitel'nyh i zhivotnyh organizmah. Agrohimiya. 2019. № 1. S. 86-96. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S0002188119010071.
4. Dospehov B. A. Metodika polevogo opyta. Moskva: Kolos, 1985. 351 s.
5. Matkovskiy P., Yarulin R. Kremniy v mire cheloveka // Himicheskiy zhurnal. 2011. № 6-7. S. 36-39.
6. Kozlov A. V., Kulikova A. H., Yashin E. A. Rol' i znachenie kremniya i kremniysoderzhaschih veschestv v agroekosistemah [Elektronnyy resurs] // Vestnik Mininskogo universiteta. 2015. № 2 (10). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/rol-i-znachenie-kremniya-i-kremniysoderzhaschih-veschestv-v-agroekosistemah (data obrascheniya: 06.06.2022).
7. Kramarev S. M., Polyanchikov S. P., Kovbel' A. I. Kremniy i zaschita rasteniy ot stressa: teoriya, praktika, perspektivy [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http://quantum.ua/articles/art_06.pdf (data obrascheniya 06.06.2022).
8. Petrichenko V. N., Loginov S. V., Turkina O. S., Soldatova S. Yu. Primenenie kremniysoderzhaschih preparatov v rastenievodstve Rossii // Vestnik RAEN. 2019. T. 19. № 4. S. 70-86.
9. Samsonova N. E., Kozlov Yu. V., Zayceva Z. F., Shupinskaya I. A. Effektivnost' soedineniy kremniya pri obrabotke semyan i rasteniy kukuruzy (Zea mays L.) // Agrohimiya. 2017. № 1. S. 12-18.
10. Luyckx M., Hausman J. F., Lutts S., Guerriero G. Silicon and plants: current knowledge and technological perspectives [e-resource] // Frontiers in Plant Science. 2017. Vol. 8. No. 411. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00411. URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2017.00411/full (date of reference: 22.07.2022).
11. Alzahrania Y., Kuşvuranb A., Alharbya H. F., Kuşvuranb S., Radyc M. M. The defensive role of silicon in wheat against stress conditions induced bydrought, salinity or cadmium // Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018. No. 154. Rr. 187-196.
12. Bezruchko E. V. Kremniy - nedoocenennyy element pitaniya rasteniy // Zemledelie. 2020. № 4. S. 40-46. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24411/0044-3913-2020-10411.
13. Matychenkov V., Bocharnikova E., Hodyrev V. Kremniy pitaet rasteniya // Nauka i zhizn'. 2015. № 8. S. 28-31.
14. Hawerroth S., Araujo L., Bermudez-Cardona M. Silicon-mediated maize resistance to macrospora leaf spot // The journal of Tropical Plant Pathology. 2018. Vol. 44. Pp. 192-196. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-018-0247-8.
15. Zhou X., Shen Y, Fu X. Application of Sodium Silicate Enhances Cucumber Resistance to Fusarium Wilt and Alters Soil Microbial Communities [e-resource] // Frontiers in Plant Science. 2018. Vol. 9. No. 624. URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.00624/full. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00624 (date of reference: 24.07.2022).
16. Kaushik P., Saini D. Silicon as a Vegetable Crops Modulator - A Review [e-resource] // Plants. 2019. Vol. 8. No. 6. No. 148. URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/8/6/148. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8060148. (date of reference: 24.07.2022).
17. Lozhnikova V. N., Slastya I. V. Rost rasteniy yarovogo yachmenya i aktivnost' endogennyh fitogormonov pod deystviem kremniya // Sel'skohozyaystvennaya biologiya. 2010. № 3. S. 102-107.
18. Smyvalov V. S. Effektivnost' kremniysoderzhaschih materialov pri vozdelyvanii yarovoy pshenicy i yachmenya v usloviyah Srednego Povolzh'ya // avtoref. dis. ... kand. s.-h. nauk.: 06.01.04 Ust'-Kinel'skiy, 2017. 20 s.
19. Zeysler N. A. Vliyanie silatranov na prorastanie semyan hlebnyh zlakov // Intellektual'nyy potencial XXI: stupeni poznaniya. 2016. № 31. S. 6-10.
20. Barchukova A. Ya., Bondarchuk E. Yu., Chernysheva N. V. Urozhaynost' risa v zavisimosti ot primeneniya v tehnologii ego vozdelyvaniya agrohimikata Silaktiv // Entuziasty agrarnoy nauki: sbornik statey po materialam mezhdunarodnoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy sovetskomu i rossiyskomu organizatoru sel'skogo hozyaystva, akademiku VASHNIL i RAN, geroyu Socialisticheskogo Truda Trubilinu Ivanu Timofeevichu. Krasnodar, 2016. S. 125-129.
21. Kemecheva M. H. Rol' kremnievyh udobreniy v povyshenii produktivnosti risa na lugovyh pochvah levoberezh'ya r. Kuban': avtoref. dis. ... kand. s.-h. nauk: 06.01.04. Krasnodar, 2003. 21 s.
22. Nemcova A. V., Harin A. V., Razlugo I. A., Vyhor' T. P. Vliyanie amorfnogo dioksida kremniya «Kovelos» na urozhaynost', morfometricheskie i fiziologicheskie pokazateli ovoschnyh kul'tur [Elektronnyy resurs] // Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo centra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk. 2019. T. 21. № 2 (88). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vliyanie-amorfnogo-dioksida-kremniya-kovelos-na-urozhaynost-morfometricheskie-i-fiziologicheskie-pokazateli-ovoschnyh-kultur (data obrascheniya: 25.07.2022).
23. Zagadochnyy pomoschnik: kremniy i ego vliyanie na zhizn' rasteniy [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: https://agro-exim.com/ru/news/zagadochnyj-pomoshnik-kremnij-i-ego-vliyanie-na-zhizn-rastenij/ (data obrascheniya: 20.07.2022).
24. Anischenko L. N., Borzdyko E. V., Moskalenko V. V., Skovorodnikova N. A., Los' S. L., Prohorenko F. V. Vliyanie amorfnogo dioksida kremniya na rostovye i biohimicheskie pokazateli kul'turnyh rasteniy na rannih stadiyah ontogeneza [Elektronnyy resurs] // Uspehi sovremennogo estestvoznaniya. 2017. № 3. S. 40-45. URL: http://natural-sciences.ru/ru/article/view?id=36409 (data obrascheniya: 14.07.2022).
25. Smyvalov V. S., Karpov A. V., Kulikova A. H., Yashin E. A., Zaharova D. A. Produktivnost' i bioenergeticheskaya effektivnost' tehnologiy vozdelyvaniya yarovoy pshenicy v zavisimosti ot primeneniya kremniy soderzhaschih preparatov, diatomita i mineral'nogo udobreniya // Innovacii v APK: problemy i perspektivy. 2017. № 4 (16). S. 67-73.
26. Matychenkov V. V. Rol' podvizhnyh soedineniy kremniya v rasteniyah i sisteme pochva - rastenie: avtoref. dis. … d-ra biol. nauk. Puschino, 2008. 34 s.
27. Smirnova Yu. D., Rabinovich G. Yu. Issledovanie vliyaniya kremniya na biometriyu prorostkov yarovoy pshenicy // Agrarnyy nauchnyy zhurnal. 2021. № 11. S. 50-53.
