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Russian Federation
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Russian Federation
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Russian Federation
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Russian Federation
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Russian Federation
V dannoy stat'e rassmotreny osnovnye istochniki poter' zerna, sposoby izmere-niya, i predstavlen obschiy poryadok kontrolya nad kachestvom vypolneniya zernouborochnyh rabot. Velichina poter' urozhaya nahoditsya v zavisimosti ot pogodno-klimaticheskih uslo-viy, nachala i dlitel'nosti uborki, ot podgotovlennosti k rabote mashin i ot professio-nalizma mehanizatorov. Po tipam vozniknoveniya poteri zerna razdelyayut na biologicheskie, ili estestven-nye, i mehanicheskie. Biologicheskie – eto poteri, vyzyvaemye estestvennymi faktora-mi, obuslovlennymi prirodno-klimaticheskimi usloviyami. Mehanicheskie – eto poteri, vyzyvaemye vozdeystviem rabochih organov uborochnyh mashin i proizvodstvenno-hozyaystvennymi usloviyami. Kak biologicheskie, tak i mehani-cheskie poteri imeyut vse shansy nosit' pryamoy i kosvennyy harakter. K pryamym poteryam prichislyayut kolichestvennye poteri urozhaya, k kosvennym – kachestvennye. Predlozhennyy obschiy poryadok kontrolya nad kachestvom ispolneniya zernouboroch-nyh rabot mozhno predstavit' sootvetstvuyuschim obrazom: zhatka (srezannye kolos'ya, svo-bodnoe zerno v pole) – molotilka (soloma, polova, zerno v bunkere). Pri etom vnachale v solome provodyat proverku poteri svobodnym zernom, potom nedomolot; v polove, krome togo, vnachale ustanavlivayut poteri svobodnym zernom, potom nedomolot; v bunkere kom-bayna kontroliruyut akkuratnost' i mehanicheskie povrezhdeniya zerna. V rezul'tate issledovaniya mozhno sdelat' zaklyuchenie, chto v pervuyu ochered' na rabotu kombaynov naibol'shee vliyanie okazali individual'nye kachestva kombaynera, ego professional'nye navyki, to est' obrazuetsya rabochaya sistema: «prirodnye usloviya – hlebnaya massa – mashina – chelovek». Takzhe byli predstavleny rekomendacii po rabote na kombaynah sleduyuschih ma-rok RSM-161, ACROS-585, VECTOR-410, KZS-1218 i drugih.
zerno, poteri, uborka, urozhay, kolos, kombayn, kachestvo raboty, urozhaynost', razdel'naya uborka, pryamoe kombaynirovanie.
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2. KZS-1218 Instrukciya po ekspluatacii. «Prilozhenie D». Metodika opre-deleniya poter' zerna za kombaynom pri uborke zernovyh kul'tur. 3. Patent RF na izobretenie №2453101 RU / MPK A01D41/127 (2006.01) A01D75/00 (2006.01) Sposob opredeleniya poter' zerna za kombaynom.
3. GOST 10840-64 «Zerno. Metody opredeleniya natury».
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5. Lovchikov A.P. K voprosu ob izmenenii podbirayuschey poverhnosti pruzhin-nogo pal'ca transporternoy lenty podborschika zernouborochnogo kombayna «ACROS-530» / A.P. Lovchikov, A.N. Zelenin, I.I. Ognev, I.G. Ognev, V.V. Kirilov // Izvestiya Mezhdu-narodnoy akademii agrarnogo obrazovaniya. 2016. № 30. S. 40-44.
6. Tagaev H. Povyshenie kachestva obrazovaniya i podgotovki kadrov APK v so-vremennyh usloviyah / H. Tagaev, S.T. Ergasheva, G.M. Ahmedova, M.L. Yusupov // V sbor-nike: Sovremennye tendencii razvitiya agrarnogo kompleksa materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii. FGBNU «Prikaspiyskiy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy institut aridnogo zemledeliya», Regional'nyy Fond «Agrarnyy universitetskiy kom-pleks». 2016. S. 1780-1782.
7. Iovlev G.A. Ekonomicheskaya effektivnost' modernizacii zernouborochnyh kombaynov pri uborke kolosovyh kul'tur / G.A. Iovlev, V.S. Zorkov, I.I. Goldina // Ekonomika sel'skohozyaystvennyh i pererabatyvayuschih predpriyatiy. 2017. № 9. S. 34-37.
8. Zelenin A.N., Yusupov M.L. Avtomatizaciya vozhdeniya sel'skohozyaystvennyh mashin dlya obrabotki pochvy, poseva, uhoda za rasteniyami i uborki. Ekaterinburg, 2016.
9. Bahterev A.A. Sovershenstvovanie processa obmolota zernovyh kul'tur / A.A. Bahterev, G.A. Iovlev, A.G. Nesgovorov // Teoriya i praktika mirovoy nauki. 2017. № 10. S. 51-60.
10. Yan Q., Yang F., Dong F. et al. Yield loss compensation effect and water use effi-ciency of winter wheat under double-blank row mulching and limited irrigation in northern Chi-na // FIELD CROPS RESEARCH. Vol. 216. Pp. 63-74. Published: FEB. 2018.
