Abstract. Relevance. The use of physiologically active substances (PhAS) is firmly entrenched in cultivation technology, being one of the main tools for realizing the full potential of agricultural crops. In grape nursery, acids are mainly used as a non-root top dressing at school, practically without studying modern complex stimulants. In this connection, the study and testing of new drugs regulating the growth of the grape plant in the classical technology of grafting grapes is a promising and relevant research topic. The purpose is the determination of the effect of treatment with solutions of physiologically active substances of the basal part of the grafted seedling immediately before planting vaccinations in the school, on the yield and quality of the root system of grape seedlings. Methods. The methods of setting up the experience and analyzing the data obtained were used in the work, which are generally accepted in the practice of nursery breeding. Results. The use of PhAS solutions increased the yield of seedlings of table grapes of Smirnov's Memory, with an increase in control from 11.7 to 43.3 %. There is a steady tendency to decrease the efficiency of treatment with an increase in its duration from 1 to 2 days. On the technical grape variety Cabernet Sauvignon, the increase in the yield of seedlings to control varied from 5.0 to 36.7 %. The use of PhAS contributed to the powerful development of the root system, which can be seen in qualitative analysis. The number of roots increased when processing the basal part of the seedling before planting from 12.3 to 16.7 pieces (Pamyati Smirnova) and from 8.7 to 16.3 pieces (Cabernet Sauvignon), or more control by 19.42–62.14 % and 4.82–96.39 %, respectively, by varieties. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the conditions of the Rostov region, modern growth stimulators Gumat+7 YOD, Cultimar, nanosilicon were studied during pre-treatment of the basal part of the inoculation. Practical significance. The research results can be used in the practice of grape nursery to improve the adaptation of vaccinations in school, stimulate the development of the root system and increase the yield of seedlings.
grapes, nursery, grafted seedling, nursery garden, physiologically active substance, root system, seedling yield, Gumat+7 YOD, Cultimar, NanoSilicon
1. Perelovich V. N. Vliyanie regulyatorov rosta na korneobrazovanie odrevesnevshih cherenkov vinograda // Epoha nauki. 2019. № 20. S. 62-66.
2. Radchevskiy P. P., Kravec N. P., Chursin I. A. Vliyanie preparata VL 77 na regeneracionnye svoystva cherenkov vinograda // Plodovodstvo i vinogradarstvo Yuga Rossii. 2021. № 72 (6). S. 89-102.
3. Perelovich V. N. Vliyanie regulyatorov rosta i sposobov predposadochnoy podgotovki odrevesnevshih cherenkov vinograda na korneobrazovanie // Doklady TSHA. 2019. S. 598-602.
4. Maystrenko L. A., Kologrivaya R. V., Duran N. A. i dr. Povyshenie effektivnosti selekcionnogo processa s ispol'zovaniem regulyatorov rosta // Plodovodstvo i vinogradarstvo Yuga Rossii. 2018. № 49 (1). S. 16-32.
5. Radchevskiy P. P., Barchukova A. Ya., Tosunov Ya. K. i dr. Vliyanie nekornevoy podkormki vinograda organomineral'nym udobreniem «Renovaciya Marki Zaschita» na urozhay i ego kachestvo // Plodovodstvo i vinogradarstvo Yuga Rossii. 2022. № 74 (2). S. 144-158.
6. Pavlyuchenko N. G., Mel'nikova S. I., Kolesnikova O. I. i dr. Ocenka vliyaniya biopreparatov na biometricheskie pokazateli privityh vinogradnyh sazhencev // Magarach. Vinogradarstvo i vinodelie. 2018. T. 20. № 2 (104). S. 21-22.
7. Radchevskiy P. P. Vliyanie biologicheski aktivnyh veschestv na regeneracionnye svoystva vinogradnyh cherenkov, vyhod i kachestvo sazhencev. - Krasnodar: KubGAU, 2017. - 274 s.
8. Shahzad U., Shahbaz T., Khan A. A. et al. Effects of Auxin (IBA) Concentrations with Different Dipping Time on Root Ability of Grape Cuttings (Vitis Vinifera) [e-resource] // The International Journal of Science & Technoledge. 2019. Vol. 7. Iss. 12. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2019/v7/i12/ST1912-021. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338659660_Effects_of_Auxin_IBA_Concentrations_with_Different_Dipping_Time_on_Root_Ability_of_Grape_Cuttings_Vitis_Vinifera (date of reference: 10.07.2022).
9. Camargo R. B., Ono E. O., Queiroz M. A. et al. Cytokinin, pyraclostrobin, and putrescine: influence on seedling development of three grape cultivars in different environments [e-resource] // XVI Brazilian Congress of Plant Physiology. 2017. Pp. 31. URL: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Cytokinin%2C-pyraclostrobin%2C-and-putrescine%3A-on-of-in-Camargo-Ono/0094d865106e9d7a29b6f687abfd8067d4994cfb (date of reference: 10.07.2022).
10. Volynkin V. A., Likhovskoi V. V., Vasylyk I. A. et al. Introgressions of vitis rotundifolia michx. to obtain grapevine genotypes with complex resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses [e-resource] // Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2021. T. 25. № 7. Pp. 693-700. URL: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Introgressions-of-Vitis-rotundifolia-Michx.-to-with-Volynkin-Likhovskoi/837764dffb0fa8846987f91bf3b7869a0a6b8a32 (date of reference: 10.07.2022).
11. Aleynikova N., Galkina E., Didenko P. et al. Productivity and quality of grapevine yield when using micronutrient fertilizers of new generation in the conditions of Crimea [e-resource] // BIO Web of Conferences. International Scientific and Practical Conference. 2021. Vol. 39. Article number 04004. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213904004. URL: https://www.bio-conferences.org/articles/bioconf/abs/2021/11/bioconf_mtsitvw2021_04004/bioconf_mtsitvw2021_04004.html (date of reference: 10.07.2022).
12. Kravchenko R. V., Prah A. V., Troshin L. P. i dr. Vliyanie mineral'nyh udobreniy na kachestvo vinograda i vinomaterialov sorta Shardone // Politematicheskiy setevoy elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2019. № 147. S. 53-61. URL: http://ej.kubagro.ru/2019/03/pdf/14.pdf (data obrascheniya: 10.07.2022).
13. Yurchenko E., Artamonov A. Technological Effectiveness of Chelated Micronutrient Fertilizers in Leaf Treatments Inducing Grapes Resistance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses [e-resource] // BIO Web of Conferences. 2020. Vol. 21. Article number 00033. URL: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Technological-Effectiveness-of-Chelated-Fertilizers-Yurchenko-Artamonov/83b9d2cff6d7e38060061dfefe71a73654364d15 (date of reference: 10.07.2022).
14. Guo S. H., Niu Y. J., Zhai H. et al. Effects of alkaline stress on organic acid metabolism in roots of grape hybrid rootstocks [e-resource] // Scientia Horticulturae. 2018. Vol. 227. Pp. 255-260. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.09.051. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304423817306039?via%3Dihub (date of reference: 10.07.2022).
15. Ovcharova A. P., Radchevskiy P. P., Kaygorodova E. A. i dr. Primenenie aminokisloty lizin dlya aktivacii regeneracionnoy sposobnosti cherenkov vinograda // Trudy Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2019. № 76. S. 135-141.
16. Orlov R. A., Radchevskiy P. P. Vliyanie salicilovoy kisloty na regeneracionnuyu sposobnost' cherenkov vinograda // Nauchnoe obespechenie agropromyshlennogo kompleksa: sbornik statey po materialam 75-y nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii studentov po itogam NIR za 2019 god. Krasnodar, 2020. S. 959-962.
17. Chursin I. A., Smolich O. S. Sposob povysheniya regeneracionnoy sposobnosti cherenkov vinograda // Politematicheskiy setevoy elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2021. № 168. S. 217-229. URL: http://ej.kubagro.ru/2021/04/pdf/16.pdf (data obrascheniya: 10.07.2022).
18. Radchevskiy P. P., Besspertnaya M. V. Vliyanie geteroauksina na regeneracionnye svoystva vinogradnyh cherenkov v zavisimosti ot usloviy osveschennosti [Elektronnyy resurs] // Politematicheskiy setevoy elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta (Nauchnyy zhurnal KubGAU). 2015. № 04 (108). S. 379-400. URL: http://ej.kubagro.ru/a/viewaut.asp?id=4552 (data obrascheniya: 10.07.2022).
19. Titova L., Avdeenko I., Grigoriev A. et al. Determination of the effect of the growth-stimulating preparation “Gumat+7” on the yield, survival rate and quality of grafted grape cuttings [e-resource] // AIP Conference Proceedings. Series “I International Conference ASE-I - 2021: Applied Science and Engineering, ASE-I 2021”. 2021. Article number 020002. URL: https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0076364 (date of reference: 10.07.2022).
20. Pavlyuchenko N. G., Mel'nikova S. I., Zimina N. I. i dr. Ocenka effektivnosti biopreparatov pri vyraschivanii privityh vinogradnyh sazhencev // Russkiy vinograd. 2019. T. 9. S. 53-58.
21. Titova L., Avdeenko I., Grigoriev A. Use of trace elements in modern nursery management of grape grafts [e-resource] // AIP Conference Proceedings. Series “I International Conference ASE-I - 2021: Applied Science and Engineering, ASE-I 2021”. 2021. Article number 020007. URL: https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0076365 (date of reference: 10.07.2022).
22. Malyh G. P., Avdeenko I. A., Grigor'ev A. A. Sravnitel'naya ocenka vliyaniya preparatov razlichnoy prirody na pokazateli razvitiya kornesobstvennyh sazhencev stolovyh sortov vinograda // Vestnik KrasGAU. 2021. № 2 (167). S. 3-9.
23. Grigor'ev A. A., Avdeenko I. A. Izuchenie vliyaniya biologicheskih preparatov na stepen' okorenyaemosti privityh sazhencev vinograda // Aktual'nye voprosy razvitiya otrasley sel'skogo hozyaystva: teoriya i praktika: materialy Tret'ey Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii (s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem) i I Vserossiyskoy konferencii molodyh uchenyh APK. Rostov-na-Donu - Rassvet, 2019. S. 37-41.
24. Pamyati Smirnova [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: https://vinograd.info/sorta/bessemyannye/13-10-10-pk.html (data obrascheniya: 10.07.2022).
25. Kaberne Sovin'on [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: https://vinograd.info/stati/kaberne-sovinon-samyy-vyraschivaemyy-sort-vinograda-v-mire.html (data obrascheniya: 10.07.2022).
26. Kober 5BB [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: https://vinograd.info/sorta/ostalnoe/kober-5bb.html (data obrascheniya: 10.07.2022).
27. GOST 31783-2012 «Posadochnyy material vinograda (sazhency). Tehnicheskie usloviya». Moskva: Standartinform, 2013. 12 s.
28. Kolesnik L. V. Vinogradarstvo. Kishinev: Kartya Moldovenyaske, 1968. 440 s.
