graduate student from 01.01.2019 to 01.01.2021
Abstract. The existing subsidy payments actually leads to overpricing of resources by suppliers and, as a consequence, to reduction of economic availability for all other agricultural producers, who don’t receive support measures. A limited number of economic entities receive short-term financial benefits from subsidies, which don’t refer to the whole agricultural sector. The purpose is to propose and substantiate recommendations for increasing the economic return on agricultural subsidies in Kazakhstan. Methods. The paper applies a statistical analysis of economic return on agricultural subsidies in Kazakhstan. The work estimates volumes of used resources and produced goods per 1 ruble of subsidies (considering their types). Scientific novelty consists in clarifying approaches to the assessment of economic efficiency of agricultural subsidies; determining the factors restraining the agricultural development in Kazakhstan at the expense of subsidies; proposing and justification of measures to mitigate these factors. Results. The focus of support on short-term results (replenishment of working capital instead of introducing new technologies); the orientation of support on gross indicators instead of production efficiency; insufficient funding for general services in the agricultural sector – are factors that hinder the growth of the returns from subsidies. The article proposes the improvement measures: 1) linking subsidies with production efficiency, application of innovative and environmentally friendly technologies; 2) re-orientation of subsidies in favor of domestic production of resources for agriculture; 3) financing of domestic breeding science, seed production. These measures are based on the need to overcome the technological backwardness of agriculture in Kazakhstan.
subsidies, subsidized resources, economic efficiency, agricultural producers, investment in fixed capital, technological modernization, innovative technologies, environmentally friendly technologies
1. Zaurbekova T. S. Osnovnye tendencii razvitiya mer gosudarstvennoy podderzhki sel'skogo hozyaystva v Kazahstane v usloviyah chlenstva v EAES i VTO // Torgovaya politika. 2019. № 3/1. S. 115-133. DOI:https://doi.org/10.17323/2499-9415-2019-3-19-115-133.
2. Akimbekova G. U., Nikitina G. A. Prioritetnye napravleniya razvitiya agropromyshlennogo kompleksa Kazahstana // Problemy agrorynka. 2020. № 4. S. 13-23. DOI:https://doi.org/10.46666/2020-4-2708-9991.01.
3. Petrick M., Gotz L. Herd Growth, Farm Organisation and Subsidies in the Dairy Sector of Russia and Kazakhstan // Journal of Agricultural Economics. 2019. Vol. 70. No. 3. Pp. 789-811. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.12318.
4. Shik O. V., Yanbyh R. G., Serova E. V. Issledovanie sistemy byudzhetnoy podderzhki agrarnogo sektora v Rossii // Voprosy gosudarstvennogo i municipal'nogo upravleniya. 2020. № 2. S. 145-167.
5. Ibrishev N. N. Sostoyanie i perspektivy gosudarstvennoy podderzhki kazahstanskogo APK - uchenyy [Elektronnyy resurs] // KazahZerno.kz. 29 dekabrya 2016 g. URL: http://www.kazakh-zerno.kz/novosti/agrarnye-novosti-kazakhstana/233237-sostoyanie-i-perspektivy-gosudarstvennoj-podderzhki-kazakhstanskogo-apk-uchenyj (data obrascheniya: 04.09.2022).
6. Klimova N. V. Sovershenstvovanie metodiki ocenki effektivnosti gosudarstvennoy podderzhki sel'skogo hozyaystva [Elektronnyy resurs] // Sbornik nauchnyh trudov SWorld. 2013. T. 32. № 2. C. 12-17. URL: http://www.sworld.com.ua/konfer31/189.pdf (data obrascheniya: 04.09.2022).
7. Metodicheskie podhody k ocenke effektivnosti gosudarstvennoy podderzhki sel'skohozyaystvennyh tovaroproizvoditeley / V. Ya. Uzun, E. A. Gataulina. Moskva: VIAPI im. A. A. Nikonova, 2010. 58 s.
8. Nagy Z. The effect of agricultural subsidies on efficiency and productivity on farms: a literature Review [e-resource] // Conference: II. Rákóczi Ferenc Kárpátaljai Magyar Főiskola Tudományos Évkönyve VI. December 2020. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347455586_The_effect_of_agricultural_subsidies_on_efficieny_and_productivity_on_farms_a_literature_Review (date of reference: 10.09.2022).
9. Poczta-Wajda A. Mechanisms and effects of agricultural subsidies - a theoretical depiction [E-resource] // In book: Subsidies versus economics, finances and income of farms / Ed. J. Goral. Monographs of Multi-Annual Programme. Warsaw: IERiGŻ-PIB, 2015. Pp. 9-31. URL: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3593217 (date of reference: 03.09.2022).
10. Lencucha R., Pal N. E., Appau A. et al. Government policy and agricultural production: a scoping review to inform research and policy on healthy agricultural commodities // Global Health. 2020. Vol. 16. Pp. 1-15. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-0542-2.
11. Hemming D. J., Chirwa E. W., Ruffhead H. J., Hill R., Osborn J., Langer L., Harman L., Coffey C., Dorward A., Phillips D. Agricultural input subsidies for improving productivity, farm income, consumer welfare and wider growth in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. 3ie Systematic Review 41. London: International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie). 2018. 129 p. DOI:https://doi.org/10.23846/SR51062.
12. Dudnik A. V., Neganova V. P., Koryukina N. V. Sovremennye problemy sovershenstvovaniya gosudarstvennoy podderzhki APK // Problemy sovremennoy ekonomiki. 2017. № 1 (61). S. 197-202.
13. Kadomceva M., Korostelev V. G. Institucional'nye faktory razvitiya strahovaniya sel'skohozyaystvennyh riskov v stranah EAES // Mezhdunarodnyy sel'skohozyaystvennyy zhurnal. 2020. № 6 (378). S. 26-30. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24411/2587-6740-2020-16108.
14. Surovcev V. N., Payurova E. N. Subsidirovanie sel'hozproizvodstva kak instrument povysheniya ego effektivnosti // APK: Ekonomika, upravlenie. 2015. № 12. S. 40-47.
15. DeBoe G. Impacts of agricultural policies on productivity and sustainability performance in agriculture: A literature review // OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers. OECD Publishing, Paris. 2020. No. 141. 78 p. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1787/6bc916e7-en.
16. EaP Green. Ocenka zelenoy transformacii ekonomiki: rukovodstvo dlya stran Vostochnogo partnerstva ES [Elektronnyy resurs]. Parizh: OESR, 2016. 140 s. URL: http://www.green-economies-eap.org/ru/resources/EaP%20GREEN_GGI%20Guide_clean_RUS_Final.pdf (data obrascheniya: 05.09.2022).
17. Baubekova A., Tikhonova A., Kvasha A. Evolution of Agricultural Policy in Kazakhstan // In: Kazakhstan’s Developmental Journey / A. Koulouri, N. Mouraviev (eds.). Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021. Pp. 51-90. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6899-2.
18. Bulatova Yu. I. Problemy primeneniya byudzhetnyh instrumentov gosudarstvennoy podderzhki sel'skogo hozyaystva v Rossiyskoy Federacii [Elektronnyy resurs] // Vektor ekonomiki. 2019. № 5 (35). 10 s. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=38304924 (data obrascheniya: 07.09.2022).
19. Adzhikova A. S., Kancerov R. A., Shkol'nikova N. N. Gosudarstvennaya podderzhka razvitiya sel'skogo hozyaystva regiona s agrarnym profilem ekonomiki // Agrarnyy vestnik Urala. 2022. № 02 (217). S. 60-70. DOI:https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2022-217-02-60-70.
20. Kaldybiev F. T. Gosudarstvennaya podderzhka agropromyshlennogo kompleksa v RK [Elektronnyy resurs] // Seyfullinskie chteniya - 11: Molodezh' i nauka: materialy Respublikanskoy nauchno-teoreticheskoy konferencii. Astana, 2015. T. 1, ch. 2. S. 146-149. URL: http://kazatu.kz/science/sf11_ekonom_123.pdf (data obrascheniya: 04.09.2022).
21. Kaliev G. A., Moldashev A. B. Problemy razvitiya agrarnogo sektora Kazahstana // Obschestvo i ekonomika. 2017. № 9. S. 100-111.
