Abstract. The aim of work is to determine the bioenergy efficiency of eggplant seed production depending on the variety. Research methodology. In conducting this work we consider the costs: for live labor from growing seedlings to obtaining the finished product; for electricity; energy costs agricultural units and transport. The fruits of eggplant varieties of VNIIOOB - branch of FGBNU "PAFSC RAS" Panthera, Astrakom, Black cylinder, Matrosik in compare with the control variety Albatross were used. The work on cultivation was carried out according to technology generally accepted for Astrakhan region. Research results. The results of the work can be concluded: the highest yield of seeds was noted in the variety Matrosik 712.4 kg/ha, which is 1.1 times higher than the control; in other varieties it is lower than the control by 199.0-281.2 kg/ha. The yield energy efficiency ranged from 100 083.45 MJ/ha (variety Panthera) to 144335.23 MJ/ha (variety Albatross), other varieties occupied an intermediate position. Total yield energy inputs ranged from 32 836.2 MJ/ha to 51 312.1 MJ/ha, with an energy efficiency coefficient of 2.8–3.0 units. The energy efficiency coefficient of seed production at was 1.42–1.67 units. Scientific novelty. For the first time the bioenergetic estimation of eggplant seeds produced by the VNIIOOB, the minimum costs depending on the variety were found that is important for providing the agricultural producers with pure sort seeds of high quality produced in our country. It determined that bioenergetic technology of growing, harvesting and separating seeds are properly selected varieties with high standard yields and good seed yields.
eggplant, variety, seeds, energy efficiency coefficient, total energy of the crop, total energy costs
1. Sel'skoe hozyaystvo Astrahanskoy oblasti // Ekspertno-analiticheskiy centr agrobiznesa «AB-Centr». URL: www ab-centre.ru (data obrascheniya: 02.02.2022).
2. Soldatenko A. V., Pivovarov V. F., Razin O. A. Ekonomika ovoschevodstva: sostoyanie i sovremennost' // Ovoschi Rossii. 2018. № 5. S. 63-68. DOI:https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2018-5-63-68.
3. Kigashpaeva O. P., Dzhabrailova V. Yu., Lavrova L. P. Innovacii v selekcii ovoschnyh i bahchevyh kul'tur // Novye elementy v tehnologii vozdelyvaniya sel'skohozyaystvennyh kul'tur v aridnoy zone yuga Rossii: sbornik nauchnyh trudov. Astrahan', 2019. S. 71-74.
4. Soldatenko A. V., Razin A. F., Pivovarov V. F., Shatilov M. V., Ivanova M. I., Rossinskaya O. V., Razin O. A Ovoschi v sisteme obespecheniya prodovol'stvennoy bezopasnosti Rossii // Ovoschi Rossii. 2019. № 2. S. 9-15. DOI:https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2019-2-9-15.
5. Kigashpaeva O. P., Avdeev A. Yu., Dzhabrailova V. Yu. Aktual'nye sorta baklazhan // Oroshaemoe zemledelie. 2017. № 4. S. 9-10.
6. Kigashpaeva O. P., Avdeev A. Yu., Dzhabrailova V. Yu. Ispol'zovanie donorov cennyh priznakov pri sozdanii novyh sortov baklazhan // Byulleten' nauki i praktiki. 2019. № 3. S. 150-153.
7. Shabetya O. N., Mozgovskaya A. V. Sortovoe raznoobrazie baklazhan // Ovoschi i frukty. 2017. № 3. S. 34-37.
8. Ognev V. V. Ishodnyy material i perspektivy selekcii baklazhana na yuge Rossii // Kartofel' i ovoschi. 2020. № 1. S. 3-8.
9. Abasova Yu. D., Solomencev P. V. Izuchenie vidovogo raznoobraziya bolezney pri vyraschivanii baklazhana i tomata v usloviyah zaschischennogo grunta // Nauka segodnya: fakty, tendencii, prognozy. Vologda, 2020. S. 20-21.
10. Pron'ko N. A., Golik K. S., Borozdina E. I. Tehnologiya vyraschivaniya baklazhan pri kapel'nom oroshenii na chernozeme yuzhnom saratovskogo pravoberezh'ya // Materialy V Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-tehnicheskaya konferencii. Landshaftnaya arhitektura i prirodoobustroystvo: ot proekta do ekonomiki. Saratov, 2016. S. 117-121.
11. Volodin V. M. Metodika resursoekonomicheskoy ocenki effektivnosti zemledeliya na bioenergeticheskoy osnove. Kursk: Yumeks, 1999. 48 s.
12. Vafina E. F., Sutygin P. F. Energeticheskaya ocenka effektivnosti priemov tehnologiy vozdelyvaniya polevyh kul'tur. Izhevsk: Izhevskaya GSHA, 2016. 64 s.
13. Solov'eva O. A., Lihomanova M. A. Energeticheskaya ocenka rezhimov orosheniya pri vozdelyvanii ovoschnyh kul'tur v usloviyah Volgogradskoy oblasti // Izvestiya Nizhnevolzhskogo agrouniversitetskogo kompleksa. 2018. № 3 (51). S. 172-178.
14. Nesmiyan A. Yu. Tehnologiya i sredstva mehanizacii sel'skohozyaystvennogo proizvodstva: uchebnoe posobie. Zernograd: Azovo-Chernomorskiy inzhenernyy institut Donskogo GAU. 2017. 132 s.
15. Mediko-fiziologicheskaya klassifikaciya rabot po tyazhesti. Moskva: NII truda, 1974. 15 s.
16. Ksenz M. V., Dzhum T. A. Biohimicheskiy sostav baklazhanov, kak ishodnogo syr'ya dlya ispol'zovaniya v kulinarnoy praktike predpriyatiy pitaniya // Materialy V Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy 15-letiyu kafedry tehnologii, hraneniya i pererabotki zhivotnovodcheskoy produkcii Kubanskogo GAU. Krasnodar, 2019. S. 406-411.
17. Cuglenok N. V. Suschestvuyuschie metody bioenergeticheskoy ocenki sel'skohozyaystvennyh tehnologiy // Voprosy nauki i obrazovaniya, 2019. № 21 (68). S. 35-45.
18. Matskevich V., Filipova L., Karpuk L., Titarenko V. Biotechnological methods of paulownia nursery and selection // The scientific heritage. 2022. Vol. 2. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24412/9215-0365-2022-83-2-3-10.
19. Chaves-Silva S., dos Santos A. L., Chalfun-Junior A. et al. Understanding the genetic regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants - tools for breeding purple varieties of fruits and vegetables // Phytochemistry. 2018. Vol. 153. Pp. 11-27. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.05.013.
20. Liu Y., Tikunov Y., Schoten R. E. (2018) Anthocyanin biosynthesis and degradation mechanism in Solanaceous vegetables: a review // Frontiers in Chemistry. 2018. Vol. 6. Article number 52. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fcem.2018.00052.
