Abstract. The purpose. To identify promising white-berry table grape varieties according to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, productivity and yield in the conditions of the Southern Urals for use in breeding and industrial production. Methods. The article presents the results of a study of economically valuable traits of 8 table white-berry grape varieties carried out according to the methods of M. A. Lazarevsky and A. M. Negrul. Planting scheme 1.5 x 3 m, accounting plants 9 pcs. for each variety. The culture is covering, the formation of bushes is fan-shaped, stemless. Agricultural technology is generally accepted for irrigated vineyards, taking into account the weather conditions of the region. Statistical data processing was carried out by the dispersion method according to B. A. Dospekhov. Scientific novelty. The expediency and prospects of growing a number of white-berry table grape varieties of early and very early ripening in the conditions of the Southern Urals have been established. The grape variety Lora (Flora) is singled out as the most adapted, productive and productive, which is of value for use in breeding work and industrial production. According to the results of a study conducted in 2020–2022. it has been established that grape varieties of very early and early ripening period are suitable for the conditions of the Southern Urals, in which 110–130 days pass from blooming to full ripeness of berries. Over the years of research, the general condition of the studied plants was high – 4.5–5.0 points in the varieties Avgustin, Arkadiya, Beloe Chudo, Vostorg, Lora (Flora), Svetlana, the bushes remained healthy, the shoots were full, their safety was 90–100 %. Comparison of the productivity of the studied table white-berry grape varieties made it possible to identify a high-quality promising variety Lora (Flora), the average weight of a bunch is 317.0 g with a berry weight of 6.3 g, the productivity was 3.8 kg per bush. Yields per hectare higher than the control variety by 61.1 % were similarly obtained in the Lora (Flora) variety, this grape variety is of value for use in breeding work and industrial production.
grape varieties, ripening period, average weight of berries, bush productivity, shoot, safety, adaptability
1. Hameed U. K. A., Abdelaziz K., El Sherif N. Genetic Diversity of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars in Al-Madinah Al-Munawara Based on Molecular Markers and Morphological Traits // Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy. 2020. No. 27. Pp 113-127.
2. Zahedi S. M., Karimi M., Teixeira da Silva J. A. The use of nanotechnology to increase quality and yield of fruit crops // Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2020. No. 100 (1). Pp. 25-31. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10004.
3. Troshin L. P., Kravchenko R. V., Matuzok N. V., Radchevskiy P. P., Gorlov S. M. Agrobiologicheskaya ocenka perspektivnyh beloyagodnyh sortov vinograda v usloviyah Anapo-Tamanskoy zony Krasnodarskogo kraya // Magarach. Vinogradarstvo i vinodelie. 2019. T. 21. № 2 S. 102-104. DOI:https://doi.org/10.35547/IM.2019.21.2.004.
4. Isaenko A. P. Ocenka razvitiya vinogradarstva i vinodeliya v Rossii // Vestnik Adygeyskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 5: Ekonomika. 2020. № 3 (265). S. 37-43.
5. Salimov V. S., Guseynova A. S., Guseynzade N. Ya., Guseynova T. G., Dzhafarguliev E. G. Opredelenie fenotipicheskoy izmenchivosti v vegetativnom pokolenii nekotoryh cennyh protoklonov vinograda i otbor form s ustoychivymi priznakami // Vinodelie i vinogradarstvo. 2022. № 1. S. 4-15.
6. Tihonova M. A., Aminova E. V., Merezhko O. E. Produktivnost' i urozhaynost' stolovyh sortov i form vinograda v usloviyah Orenburzh'ya // Russkiy vinograd. 2020. T. 12. S. 18-23.
7. Ganich V. A., Naumova L. G., Matveeva N. V. Donskie avtohtonnye sorta vinograda dlya rasshireniya sortimenta vinogradnyh nasazhdeniy v Nizhnem Pridon'e // Plodovodstvo i vinogradarstvo Yuga Rossii. 2020. № 63 (3). S. 30-44.
8. Tastanbekova G. R., Dauletova L. T., Mendibaev B. Sh. Zimostoykost' introducirovannyh sortov stolovogo vinograda v usloviyah serozemov yuga Kazahstana // Aktual'nye nauchnye issledovaniya v sovremennom mire. 2020. № 8-2 (64). S. 67-70.
9. Villano C. et al. DNA-Based Technologies for Grapevine Biodiversity Exploitation: State of the Art and Future Perspectives // Agronomy. 2022. No. 12 (2). 491. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy 12020491.
10. Sobolev V. I., Noskova N. E., Noskova M. A. [i dr.] Proyavlenie sortovoy specifichnosti v kul'ture apikal'nyh meristem vinograda, adaptirovannogo na yuge Krasnoyarskogo kraya // Vestnik KrasGAU. 2020. № 7 (160). S. 31-37.
11. Matuzok N. V., Troshin L. P., Kravchenko R. V., Gish R. A., Milovanov A. V. Evaluation of commercial grape varieties with various methods of vine forming Annals of // Agri Bio Research. 2021. No. 26 (1). Pp. 37-42.
12. Keranova N. T., Roychev V. R. Sravnitel'nyy analiz plodonosnosti i urozhaynosti vinnyh belyh sortov vinograda // Russkiy vinograd. 2022. T. 19. S. 45-52.
13. Polulyah A. A., Volynkin V. A. Harakteristika produktivnosti i kachestva urozhaya stolovyh sortov Vitis vinifera orientalis Negr. // Magarach. Vinogradarstvo i vinodelie. 2019. № 21 (3). S. 211-216.
14. Milovanov A. V., Ilnitskaya E. T., Radchenko V. V., Troshin L. P., Koshchaev A. G. Comparative analysis of the vvmybal locus alleal state in some indigenous and introducent grapevine varieties // Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya. 2020. No. 55 (3). Pp. 523-532.
15. Tihonova M. A., Mushinskiy A. A. Ocenka biomorfologicheskih osobennostey introducirovannyh sortov vinograda v usloviyah Orenburzh'ya // Vestnik KrasGAU. 2022. № 10. S. 43-48. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2022-10-43-48.
16. Romanenko E. S., Mironova E. A., Selivanova M. V., Aysanov T. S., German M. S. Ocenka sortov vinograda dlya vozdelyvaniya v zone Tersko-Kumskie peski Stavropol'skogo kraya // Vestnik APK Stavropol'ya. 2021. № 3 (43). S. 36-40.
17. Lazarevskiy M. A. Izuchenie sortov vinograda. Rostov-na-Donu: Izd-vo Rostovskogo universiteta, 1963. 151 s.
18. Negrul' A. M. Vinogradarstvo s osnovami ampelografii i selekcii. Moskva: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo sel'skohozyaystvennoy literatury, 1959. 392 s.
19. Dospehov B. A. Metodika polevogo opyta (s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezul'tatov issledovaniy): uchebnik dlya studentov vysshih uchebnyh zavedeniy po agronomicheskim special'nostyam. Moskva: Al'yans, 2011. 352 s.
